高超声速球模型尾迹电子密度试验研究

Experimental research of wake electron density of hypersonic sphere models

在中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速所弹道靶上利用电子密度测量系统进行了高超声速钢球模型、铜球模型尾迹电子密度测量。电子密度测量系统由8mm微波干涉仪系统、开式微波谐振腔测量系统和闭式微波谐振腔测量系统组成。钢球模型直径φ10mm，速度分别为5．8、5．5、5．6和5．5km／s，对应的飞行环境压力分别为2．79、5．32、5．85和10．91kPa。铜球模型直径φ10mm，速度分别为5．6、5．6、5．7和5．5km／s，对应的飞行环境压力分别为1．33、4．79、5．89和10．91kPa。结果表明：（1）在压力5．3～11kPa范围内、速度约5．5km／s试验条件下，压力越高，钢球模型的尾迹电子密度相应增大，电子密度的衰减速度较快；（2）在压力1．3～6kPa范围内、速度约5．6km／s试验条件下，压力越高，铜球模型的尾迹电子密度相应增大，电子密度的衰减速度较慢；（3）在压力约10．7kPa、速度5．5km／s试验条件下，铜球模型的尾迹电子密度衰减速度比钢球模型慢得多。

In this paper, wake electron density of hypersonic sphere models has been measured in ballistic range, CARDC. The electron density measurement system is made up of 8mm microwave interferometer, open microwave cavity measurement system and closed microwave cavity measurement system. The diameter of the steel sphere models is 10mm. The model velocities are 5.8, 5.5, 5.6 and 5.5km/s. The corresponding flight environmental pressures are 2.79、5.32, 5.85 and10.91kPa. The diameter of copper sphere models is 10mm. The results present the wake electron density of steel sphere models is larger as a result of high environment pressure under the test conditions of the pressure ranged from 5. 3kPa to llkPa, speed 5. 5km/s. The composite speed is quick under the conditions. The wake electron density of copper sphere models is larger as a result of high environment pressure under the test conditions of the pressure ranged from 1.3kPa to 6kPa, speed 5.6km/s test conditions. The composite speed is slow under the conditions. The composite speed of copper sphere models is slower than that of the steel sphere models under the conditions of the pressure 10.7kPa and speed 5.5km/s.