平菇与香菇挥发性香气成分的GC-MS分析比较

Analysis of Volatile Aroma Components of Pleurotus Ostreatus and Lentinus Edodes with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

采用同时蒸馏萃取法提取新鲜平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)和香菇(Lentinus edodes)子实体的芳香物质。经GC-MS分析,从平菇中鉴定出12种挥发性香气成分,总量为13.75μg.g-1FW,主要为酸类(11.28μg.g-1FW),主要香气成分有正十六烷酸、亚油酸、9-十八碳烯酸、3-甲基环戊酮、亚油酸乙酯和十五烷酸;从香菇中鉴定出33种挥发性香气成分,总量为64.66μg.g-1FW,主要包括醇类(22.38μg.g-1FW)、酸类(11.95μg.g-1FW)、烃类(9.49μg.g-1FW)、硫类(8.03μg.g-1FW)、酮类(5.03μg.g-1FW)和酯类(2.98μg.g-1FW),主要香气成分有蘑菇醇、正十六烷酸、二甲基三硫、3-辛醇、3-辛酮和亚油酸。

Volatile aroma components in mature fresh fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinus edodes were extracted with steam distillation and extraction equipment （SDE）, and analyzed with GC-MS. The result showed that 12 kinds of volatile aroma components were identified in Pleurotus ostreatus, with total concentration 13.75 μg·g^-1 FW, mainly including acids （11.28 μg·g^-1FW）. And the major aroma components were n-hexadecanoic acid, （Z,Z）-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, 9-oetadeeenoic acid, 3-methyleyclopentanone, linoleic acid ethyl ester and pentadecanoic acid. While 33 kinds of volatile aroma components were identified in Lentinus edodes, with total concentration 64.66 μg·g^-1 FW, including alcohols （22.38 μg·g^-1FW）, fatty acids （11.95 μg·g^-1FW）, hydrocarbons （9.49 μg·g^-1FW）, sulfurs （8. 03 μg·g^-1FW）, ketones （5.03 μg·g^-1FW）, and esters （2.98 μg·g^-1FW）. And the major aroma components were 1-octen-3-ol, n-hexadecanoic acid, trisulfide dimethyl, 3-octanol, 3-octanone and （Z,Z）-9,12-octadecadienoic acid.