不同热处理对棉籽饼中棉酚含量的影响

The Influences of Different Heat Treatments on the Contents of Gossypol in Cottonseed Cake

为研究探讨不同形式棉酚含量的变化规律,采用L9(34)正交试验,分析了加热时间、温度和湿度不同组合处理对棉籽饼中总棉酚、游离棉酚和结合棉酚含量的影响。结果表明:1)棉籽饼在加热处理条件下,加热时间、温度和湿度对消除总棉酚、游离棉酚和结合棉酚含量均有极显著(P<0.01)影响,对游离棉酚而言,其主次效应因素顺序为湿度、时间和温度;而对总棉酚和结合棉酚而言,其主次效应因素顺序为温度、湿度和时间。三因素间具有极显著(P<0.01)的组合效应,其中A3B3C2处理为最优水平组合,即加热时间30min、温度120℃、湿度50%。2)棉籽饼在加热处理过程中,游离棉酚含量的降低主要是由于加热时间、温度和湿度的交互作用,游离棉酚绝大部分被分解消除,未形成结合棉酚,从而达到脱毒的目的。

To investigate the reduction regularity of various gossypol, the design of orthogonal experiment was adopted,and the orthogonal table L9 （3^4） was adopted to analyze the effect of different treatments on the contents of total gossypol, free gossypol and bound gossypol in cottonseed cake. The results showed that the heating time, heating temperature and humidity of cottonseed cake all have extremely significant effects（P〈0.01）on the reduction of total gossypol,free gossypol and bound gossypol in cottonseed cake during heat treatment,as for free gossypol the main effect factor was humidity of cottonseed cake, next being the heating time and last heating temperature,while for total gossypol and bound gossypol,the main effect factor was heating temperature, next being the heating time and last humidity of cottonseed cake. There were extremely significant interaction effects（P〈0.01）on the reduction of total gossypol, free gossypol and bound gossypol in cottonseed cake among the 3 factors,and the group of A3B3C2 ,that is to say, the treatment of heating time 30min,heating temperature 120℃ and humidity of cottonseed cake 50% ,was the best. During the heating process, the free gossypol decrease mainly depended on the interaction of the heating time,temperature and humidity of cottonseed cake,and free gossypol of reduction part was degraded completely,not changed into bound gossypol, therefore, the objective of cottonseed cake detoxification was accomplished.