护理本科生共情及与人格的相关性研究

Correlation between empathy and personality in nursing undergraduates

目的探讨护理本科生(下称护生)共情的特点及其与人格的相关性,为针对性培养护生的共情能力提供依据。方法采用一般资料问卷、人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)和大五人格量表(BFI)对184名护生进行问卷调查。结果护生IRI-C得分57.05±7.84,女护生身心忧急得分高于男护生,学生干部观点取替得分高于非学生干部,非独生子女同情关怀得分高于独生子女(P<0.05,P<0.01);BFI神经性、宜人性、开放性、外倾性及谨慎性5个维度评分为(12.68±4.27)～(24.55±3.91)分;IRI-C总分与BFI神经性、宜人性及开放性维度呈正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论护生共情水平较高,不同人口特征,人格的神经性、宜人性、开放性可影响护生共情。要加强护生的感情培训和人格健康教育,进一步提高护生共情能力。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of nursing undergraduates＇ empathy and to explore the correlation between empathy and personality. Methods A total of 184 nursing undergraduates were investigated by using a self-designed demographic questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index （IRI-C） and the Big Five Inventory（BFI）. Results The total score of IRI-C was 57.05±7.84, female scored higher in personal distress scale than that of male, class-leader scored higher in perspective-taking scale than that of non-class- leader, and single-child scored lower in empathic concern scale than that of non-single-child（P〈0. 05, P〈0.01） ; the subscales of neuroticism, agreeableness, openness, extraversion, conscientiousness in BFI scored 12.68±4.27 to 24.55±3.91; the total score of IRI-C was positively correlated with dimensions of neuroticism, agreeableness and openness（P〈0. 05,P〈0.01）. Conclusion Nursing undergraduates＇ empathy is satisfactory. Different demographic characteristics, neuroticism, agreeableness, and openness of personalities have impact on students＇ empathy. Training programs targeted on emotions and healthy personality should be strengthened to promote students＇ empathy.