幼儿园集体教学中教师提问方式的特点与改进

Research on Teacher’s Way of Questioning Children in the Kindergarten’s Collective Teaching

在幼儿园集体教学中,教师的提问方式对幼儿的学习效果和教学目标的实现有着直接的影响。本研究在对11次幼儿园集体教学中教师的提问行为进行观察和分析的基础上,对教师的开放式提问和封闭式提问进行了考察。研究结果表明,在幼儿园集体教学中,教师更倾向于采用封闭式的提问方式,且与教师所教年龄班无关;在开放式提问中,教师更倾向于采用探讨式提问;在封闭式提问中,针对具体教学内容或具体事实进行的提问所占比例最高,是非式提问次之,这些均与教师的教学能力和教学理念有关。为提高教学效率,保证教学质量,教师应善于运用提问的策略,能根据不同的教学目标选择恰当的提问方式,尽量减少"是非式提问"等无效提问的次数,同时应提高对开放式提问教育价值的认识,提升自身随机教学的智慧与能力,为恰当地运用开放式提问打好基础,使提问真正为幼儿的整体与长远发展服务。

The teacher＇s way of questioning has a great impact on the effect of children＇s learning and realization of teaching aim in the kindergarten＇s collective teaching. First, this paper defines kindergarten＇s collective teaching, question and teacher＇s way of questioning. Second, we have found that there are two types of questioning Open and Closed after eleven times close observation and analysis on the teachers＇ questioning in the kindergarten＇s collective teaching. At last, it＇s concluded that teachers prefer using the closed type of questioning children teachers would like to use inquiring regardless of children＇s age. In the open type of questioning children, question. However, in the closed type of questioning children, questions related to the specified teaching content or particular context dominate in the teachers＇ questions, the following is right or wrong question. In this regard, they are related to teachers＇ ability and their concept of teaching. Teachers should give more importance to the open type of questioning to provide children more chance and time to think by themselves. At the same time, teachers should clear the question＇s teaching aim when they ask children the question. As a teaching strategy, question should serve for children＇s healthy development. questioning, way of questioning