西方马克思主义意识形态理论嬗变的文化向度

Cultural Tendence of Evolution of Western Marxist Ideological Theory

意识形态理论是西方马克思主义研究的重要主题,对意识形态的研究与关注贯穿西方马克思主义始终。西方马克思主义思想家围绕对文化的关注,创造性地发展了马克思主义意识形态理论,并且在不同的发展阶段,由于对文化的关注有不同的侧重,因此,对意识形态的研究视角和价值取向也不尽相同,其意识形态理论经历了一个从早期争夺文化领导权,到法兰克福学派以文化批判为中心建立其意识形态批判理论,再到阿尔都塞把文化作为意识形态来分析的理论嬗变的过程。

Ideological theory is an important topic in Western Marxism research, the study and concern of ideology are throughout Westem Marxism. Revolving around the focus of culture, Western Marxist ideologist developed Marxist ideological theory creatively . In different stages of development, for having different emphases about cultural concerns, therefore, we have not quite the the same ideological perspectives and values, Western Marxist ideological theory had undergone a process of evolution theory. They focused on from the early competition for cultural leadership, to the Frankfurt School establishing their ideology of critical theory from cultural criticism as the center. And then, Althusser changed ideology study, he used culture as an ideology to analyze.