我国典型海洋型冰川区高海拔区输出水量变化对气候变暖的响应

Response of Runoff in High Altitude Area over the Typical Chinese Monsoonal Temperate Glacial Region to Climate Warming

通过丽江盆地气象水文观测资料研究发现:冰雪消融加剧、融水增加,漾弓江流域径流量明显上升;高海拔冰雪区消融期提前,春季径流增加明显;高海拔冰雪区的径流输出对漾弓江流域水量平衡的贡献量逐年增加,体现了全球气候变暖背景下高海拔冰雪区对整个流域水循环的重要性.对海螺沟流域实测气象水文资料的分析也表明,气候变暖背景下,该流域冰雪区水量输出也逐年上升.两流域高海拔区输出水量的剧烈增加,明显响应了气候变暖,表明了流域水循环的加速,这必然将对区域的发展和资源开发产生重要影响.

Based on the the hydrological and meteorological data in Lijiang basin, the precipitation, groundwater and runoff in this typical monsoonal temperate glacier area increase significantly, which suggests that water cycle over the region more rapidly under the climate warming. The increase amplitude of runoff in the downstream region of the glaciated area is much stronger than that of precipitation, resulting from the prominent increase of melt water from Mt. Yulong. It indicates that the contribution made by melt water to runoff increase is great under the climate warming, especially in autumn, winter and spring. It is also obvious in Hailuogou basin according to the preliminary analysis of the observational hydrological and meteorological data. The results in this paper are significant to study the glacier variation, water balance and glacier disaster in Chinese monsoonal temperate glacier regions.