小良热带人工混交林的凋落物及其生态效益研究

Litterfall and its ecological effects at Xiaoliang tropical artificial mixed plantation.

对小良热带人工混交林１０年凋落量及其季节和年际动态研究表明，小凋落物总量年均５．５３９ｔ·ｈｍ－２；凋落量的季节变化明显，一般以湿季的７月为凋落高峰；随着人工林的发育，其凋落物量的年际变化逐渐稳定；森林枯枝落叶层贮量为４．９ｔ·ｈｍ－２，少于其年均凋落量，处于分解大于积聚的周转过程中；森林枯枝落叶层的存在可降低温度，提高湿度，显著减少径流量和泥沙流失量，并可提高土壤肥力和增加土壤动物的多样性．

Ten years studies on litterfall amount and its seasonal and annual dynamics at Xiaoliang tropical artificial mixed plantation show that the annual average amount of small litterfall was 5.539t·hm -2 . Its seasonal variation occurred obviously, with a peak in wet July. As the development of the plantation, the annual amount of litterfall was getting stable gradually. The storage of litterfall layer was 4.9t·hm -2 , less than the annual litterfall, indicating that the decomposition rate was greater than accumulation rate. The existence of forest litterfall could lower temperature, raise relative humidity, reduce runoff and soil erosion, improve soil fertility, and increase biodiversity of soil animals.