腊梅花精油超临界CO_2萃取及GC-MS分析

Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil from Chimonanthus praecox Flowers

为了研究腊梅花精油超临界CO2萃取的最佳工艺参数,鉴定腊梅花精油的化学成分,采用正交试验方法,以腊梅花精油萃取率为指标,对影响超临界CO2萃取腊梅花精油的主要因素进行试验,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对精油化学成分进行分析。结果表明:超临界CO2萃取腊梅花精油各主要因素的最佳工艺参数分别为压力30MPa、温度40℃、时间3.0h、CO2流量25kg/h,在此条件下的精油萃取率最高为(1.18±0.02)%。腊梅花精油经气相色谱-质谱联用仪鉴定出57个化学成分,其中醇类含量最高,占总含量的67.30%,其次是酯类占15.19%,萜烯类占10.90%,其他类占6.61%。推测醋酸苯甲酯、醋酸冰片酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯等可能是腊梅花香型的关键成分。

The optimum supercritical fluid COz （SFE-CO0 extraction process of essential oil from Chimonanthus praecox flowers that maximizes oil yield was investigated using orthogonal array design and the essential oil obtained was analyzed for chemical composition by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Results showed the optimal values of SFE-CO2 extraction parameters were as follows： extraction for 3 h at 30 MPa pressure level, 40 ℃, and 25 kg/h CO2 flow rate and the optimized conditions resulted in a maximal oil yield of （1.18 ± 0.02）%. A total of 57 components were identified and the dominant compounds were alcohol, ester and terpene, accounting for 67.30%, 15.19% and 10.90% of total essential oil, respectively. Based on the above test and analysis, it is speculated that the fragrance of Chimonanthuspraecox flowers might be attributed to those compounds in essential oil including acetic acid, phenylmethyl eser, bornyl acetate and dibutyl phthalate.