乳酸杆菌表层蛋白及应用研究

Surface Layer Protein from Lactobacillus spp. and Its Application:A Review

在一些古细菌和真细菌中,表层蛋白是细胞膜最外层的结构。尽管所有表层蛋白具有相同的氨基酸成分,但是与其他细菌表层蛋白相比,乳酸杆菌表层蛋白具有其独有的特性:小分子量,高等电点,为碱性蛋白。一些乳酸杆菌具有多个表层蛋白基因。国外学者对表层蛋白作为功能分子共价吸附固定的基质、表面展示载体和分子筛等方面的应用进行了深入研究,展示了巨大的发展前景。

S-layer（surface layer） has been identified as the outermost structure of cellular envelopes in numerous organisms from bacteria and archaea domains.Despite high similarity of amino acid composition in all known S-layer proteins,the typical characteristics of S-layer proteins from Lactobacillus are small molecular weight,high isoelectric point and alkaline protein,which are distinguished from other S-layer proteins.Several species of Lactobacilli contain multiple S-layer protein genes.Intensive attentions have been paid to the applications of surface layer proteins from Lactobacillus,including applications as a functional molecule to covalently absorb fixed matrix,as a carrier of cellular surface display and as a molecular sieve.Therefore,it should have tremendous development perspectives.