中国石油的天然气开发技术进展及展望

Technical progress and outlook of natural gas development for the PetroChina

天然气已经成为中国石油天然气股有限公司(简称"中国石油")最具成长性的主营核心业务,"十五"以来年新增天然气地质储量平均在3000×108m3以上,年产量平均增幅超过15%,形成了川渝、长庆、塔里木3大核心供气区。基本形成了具有代表性的6类气藏开发配套技术:①大面积小气藏叠合型低渗透砂岩气藏低成本开发配套技术;②连续型低渗透砂岩气藏水平井开发技术;③超深高压气藏开发技术;④复杂碳酸盐岩气藏开发技术;⑤疏松砂岩气藏开发技术;⑥火山岩气藏开发技术。未来10年,中国石油的天然气业务将持续快速发展,但低品位储量进一步增加,需要解决低渗透砂岩气藏提高采收率、超深高压气藏长期高产稳产、碳酸盐岩气藏流体预测、高含硫气藏安全高效开发、火山岩气藏整体规模开发、疏松砂岩气藏开发后期防砂治水等技术难题,同时要积极发展煤层气、页岩气等非常规天然气开发技术。

Natural gas has become the most progressive and prospective business for the PetroChina.Since the tenth national 'Five-Year-Plan',the PetroChina has owned main important gas producing areas including Sichuan-Chongqing,Changqing,and Tarim gas fields,with geological gas reserves increased annually on average above 350 bcm,and annual gas production increased on average by more than 15%.Besides,the PetroChina has also achieved its unique development technologies for six representative types of gas reservoirs:a.cost-effective development technologies for low-permeability sandstone gas reservoirs with a large gas-bearing area (e.g.Sulige gas field);b.horizontal well development technologies for low-permeability sandstone gas reservoirs with a good sequence (e.g.Changbei gas field);c.development technologies for HPHT gas reservoirs (e.g.Kela-2 gas field);d.development technologies for complex carbonate gas reservoirs (e.g.Tazhong-Ⅰgas field);e.development technologies for unconsolidated sandstone gas reservoirs (e.g.Sebei gas field);f.safe and high-efficient development technologies for high-sulfur gas reservoirs (e.g.Luojiazai gas field);g.integrated and scale development technologies for volcanic gas reservoirs (e.g.Xushen gas field).Natural gas industry will be expected to develop rapidly for the decades to come,but there still exists great difficulties in gas exploitation especially for those complex gas reservoirs,which are presented here as follows:a.how to enhance gas recovery of low-permeability sandstone gas reservoirs;b.how to keep sustainable and high gas production of HPHT gas reservoirs;c.how to make fluids forecast of carbonate gas reservoirs;d.how to make sure safe and high-efficient development of high-sulfur gas reservoirs;e.how to complete integrated and scale development of volcanic gas reservoirs;and f.how to handle with sand control and water treatment in the later development stage of unconsolidated sandstone gas reservoirs.Also the technologies for developing unconventional gas resources such as shale gas and coalbed methane gas will be improved in the near future.