全球环境下的中国天然气供应安全

Safe supply of natural gas in China under global environment

随着国内天然气需求量的不断扩大,进口管道气和LNG的规模将不断增大,国内天然气市场对外依存度也将逐步增加,由供气中断带来的供应安全风险逐步显现,天然气的安全、稳定供应面临极大的挑战。以亚太地区天然气供需现状和趋势预测为基础,重点分析预测了中国天然气供应安全现状和面临的形势,提出了天然气供应安全管理框架和保障措施建议,即必须通过政府、供气企业、用户三个责任主体构建完善的天然气供应安全保障系统应对挑战:①政府层面应加强能源政治与外交,完善天然气供应安全相关法律法规,制定合理的天然气价格机制;②供气企业则需要加强国内资源的勘探开发,稳步引进海外资源作为补充,并加快管道、储气库等基础设施的建设;③工业、城市燃气等用户则应配合解决天然气调峰问题,可自行建设储气调峰设施,在冬春季用气高峰期间或其他供气紧急状况时,确保平稳用气和输气管网的安全。

To meet the rapidly increasing demand for natural gas in domestic energy market,the volume of pipeline gas and LNG will increase continually,so the degree of dependence on the overseas market is increasing gradually.Supply disruption brings risk in gas supply,so a big challenge is facing up with safe and stable supply of natural gas.Based on the current status and developing trend of gas supply in the Asia-Pacific regions,this paper focuses on the situation and challenges of gas supply in China,and the framework and some proposals for safety and risk management in gas supply are presented here as follows:a.Government should concentrate on energy political and foreign affairs,complete the related legislation and regulations of gas supply,and work out natural gas pricing mechanism;b.Gas supply companies should make more efforts in exploring and recovering domestic gas resources,introducing steadily overseas gases as supplementary energy sources,and speed up the construction of infrastructure facilities like the pipelines,gas storages,etc.;c.Industrial and domestic gas consumers should contribute to peak-shaving especially in urban gas supply by building some facilities,with which gas supply will be guaranteed especially in cold seasons and some other urgent cases.