固定矫治器对牙龈状况及龈沟液细菌组成影响的研究

The impact of fixed orthodontic appliance on gum conditions and gingival crevicular fluid bacteria

目的研究固定矫治器对牙龈状况及龈沟液细菌组成的影响。方法对100例固定矫治器的患者，分别于矫治器戴入前，戴矫治器后1、2、3、6和12个月，矫治结束及结束后3月记录牙龈炎症指数；同时取龈沟液，进行常规细菌分类计数。结果戴入矫治器1、2月后牙龈炎症指数与矫治前相比明显增高（P〈0．05），3月后逐渐恢复（P〉0．05）；与矫治前相比戴矫治器1、2月后球菌比例明显下降，梭状杆菌和螺旋体的比例明显升高（P〈0．01），3月后逐渐恢复。结论固定矫治器的戴入对牙龈组织的健康可造成一定的影响。

Objective To investigate the influence of fixed orthodontic appliance on gum condition and the composition of bacteria in gingival crevicular fluid. Methods The gingival inflammation index of 100 patients wearing straight wire fixed orthodontic appliance were recorded before the placement of appliance and 1, 2,3,6,12 month after the placement of appliance, respectively. Meanwhile, the gingival crevicular fluid was taken and routine bacteria count was performed. Results The gingival inflammation index increased significantly in the first and second month after wearing the appliance（P 〈 0. 05）, and recovered in the third month （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The proportion of Clostridium perfringens and spirochetes was significantly higher, but the proportion of Coccus decreased significantly in the first and second month after wearing the appliance （P 〈 0. 01 ） , which restored gradually after the third month. Conclusion The placement of fixed orthodontic appliance has an influenee on the gum condition.