线粒体DNA突变与头颈肿瘤发生的研究进展

Research progress of relationship between mitochondrial DNA mutation and head and neck cancers

线粒体DNA是核外唯一的遗传物质,较核DNA更易发生突变。在头颈肿瘤中,线粒体DNA所存在的点突变、片段缺失和微卫星不稳定性等现象可能与头颈肿瘤的发生相关,故线粒体DNA有望成为一种检测头颈肿瘤的新的生物标志物。笔者下面就线粒体DNA的结构和功能特点、头颈肿瘤中线粒体DNA的突变、线粒体DNA突变与头颈肿瘤发生的关系、线粒体DNA突变的临床价值等研究进展作一综述。

Mitochondrial DNA was the only genetic material outside of nuclear.The mutations of mitochondrial DNA were more often than those of nuclear DNA.The abnormal phenomena in mitochondrial DNA,such as point mutation,deletion fragments and microsatellite instability,were suspected related to the occurrence of head and neck tumors.Mitochondrial DNA mutation could become a new biomarker in the detection of head and neck cancers.In the paper,research progress in the structure and function characteristics of mitochondrial DNA,the mutations of mitochondrial DNA in head and neck tumors,the relationship between mitochondrial DNA mutations and the occurrence of head and neck tumors and the clinical values of mitochondrial DNA mutations were reviewed.