下颌阻生第三磨牙的研究进展

Research progress on mandibular impacted third molar

第三磨牙是发育和萌出最晚的牙齿,临床上以第三磨牙的阻生最为常见,尤其是下颌第三磨牙。下颌第三磨牙的阻生容易引发冠周炎、龋齿、间隙感染和骨髓炎等病症,通常需要外科拔除或者进行正畸矫治。而在拔除或者保留第三磨牙的选择上,临床医生各持不同的看法。在正畸治疗中,常遇到需拔除下颌第二磨牙或第一磨牙。因此,保留第三磨牙以替代缺失的磨牙就有很重要的意义。本文通过对相关文献的分析,以期为临床上拔除或保留第三磨牙的选择提供参考。

Third molars are the last development and eruption teeth.In the clinic,impaction of third molars are very common,especially the mandibular third molars.They always caused pericoronitis,dental caries,space infection,osteomyelitis and other diseases.They are usually required surgical extraction or orthodontic treatment.In the choice of the third molar extraction or retain,clinicians have different views.In orthodontic treatment,we often encounter the situation that extract the second molar or the first molar in mandibular,so retain the third molar to replace missing teeth becomes significant.The purpose of this article is to review some of the pertinent studies related to the management of third molars in an orthodontic context.The clinician should base his or her decision to extract or not extract third molars on the most current scientific information and what is best for each individual patient.