“发展观”的后形而上学视野——对辩证法“发展”观点的重新审视

The Post-Metaphysical Horizon of the Concept of Development——Rethink the Notion of Dialectical Development

"发展"观点是辩证法的基本观点。但长期以来人们在形而上学的思想视野里理解辩证法发展观,结果使得它失去了其本来所具有的开放和自由本性。从历史上看,"发展"观念与现代性的时间和历史意识是内在联系在一起的,辩证法的发展观念源于以一种哲学的方式把握这种时间意识和历史意识的努力。黑格尔通过对于"本体"或"存在"的全新理解,建立了超越传统实体本体论的辩证本体论,并以此为根据确立起了他的以精神本体的辩证运动为根基的"发展观"。但由于它所遵循的形而上学范式,使得"辩证发展观"内在地隐含着一种"反发展"的倾向,这一点集中体现在"辩证发展观"所蕴涵的"永恒现在时间观"上。因此,必须超越其形而上学视野,在后形而上学的视野中重新理解辩证法的发展观念。在"后形而上学"视野中,"发展"将不再被理解为"永恒现在时间观"主导的绝对实体的"自我循环",而被理解为一种由"将来时间观"主导的面向未来的"可能性"。这才是"发展"的本真内涵。

The notion of development is the basic of dialectics. For a long period, people understand which from metaphysical horizon, as a result, the notion of development loses its nature of openness and freedom. Hegel is the case in point, he tried to express the notion of development in his dialectics, but because of the metaphysical way of thinking in his dialectics, the notion of development lead to its opposite which is embodied concentratedly in present-time-centered idea. So, we should go beyond the metaphysical horizon and rethink the notion of development from the post-metaphysical horizon. From the post-metaphysical horizon, development will be understood as a kind of possibility which is characteristic of future-oriented time, only through which, the notion of development can be interpreted in the right way.