相转移催化合成大豆油蔗糖多酯初步研究

Synthesis of soybean sucrose polyester catalyzed by phase-transfer catalyst

以大豆油和蔗糖为原料,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,采用两步法合成大豆油蔗糖多酯。初步筛选了合适的助熔剂(脂肪酸皂),并确定了最佳工艺条件:蔗糖粒度120目,搅拌速率500 r/min,催化剂用量3%,反应温度130℃,n(乙酯)∶n(蔗糖)为12∶1,反应时间6 h。在最佳工艺条件下反应得到蔗糖多酯产率达到89.12%,酯化度6.8。对蔗糖多酯和大豆油的理化特性进行了比较,两者性质接近。最后借助薄层色谱(TLC)、红外光谱(IR)对产品结构做了初步鉴定,产品达到预期目标,可以作为普通食用油替代品。

Soybean sucrose polyester was synthesized with soybean oil and sucrose catalyzed by phase - transfer catalyst of cetyhrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） in two - step method. The proper flux of fatty acid soap was selected, and the optimum reaction conditions were determined as follows： sucrose particle size 120 meshes, stirring rate 500 r/min ,catalyst amount 3% ,reaction temperature 130 ℃, molar ratio of ethyl ester to sucrose 12：1 ,reaction time 6 h. Under the optimum conditions the sucrose polyester （SPE） yield attained 89.12%, and the esterification degree reached 6.8. Physicochemical properties of SPE and soybean oil were compared, and their properties were similar. In addition,the structure identification was made through TLC and IR methods, and the product achieved could be used as the substitute of common edible oil.