1NELSON R, WINTER S. An evolutionary theory of economic change [M]. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Harvard Press [M]. 1982:125 - 130,.
2KOGUT B. Joint ventures, heoretical and empirical perspectives [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1988 (9): 319-332.
3WHEELWRIGHT S, CLARK K. Revolutionizing product development: quantum leaps in speed, efficiency, and quality [ M]. New York: The Free Press, 1992:56 -60.
4GRANSTRAND O, PATEL P, PAVITT K. Multi - technology corporations : why they have "distributed" rather than " distinctive" core competence [J]. California Management Review, 39 (4): 8-25.
5SOCKIJAD , MI, ANDRIESSEN, El. Condition for knowledge sharing in competitive alliance [J]. European Management Journal, 2003, 21 (5): 578-587.
6CHESBROUGH H, VANHAVEBEKE W, WEST J. Open innovation: researching a new paradigm [ M ]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006:33-46.
