大欧李产量构成因素研究

THE STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE PEODUCT OF Prunus humilis

对多年生不修剪的大欧李树单株结果情况进行了调查分析，结果表明株丛内结果枝多少是产量构成的基本因素；发现了株丛内基生果枝和侧生果枝的多少随树龄的变化而不同，４年生以上树的基生果枝减少，侧生果枝增多，并且逐渐成为株丛内的主要结果枝；果枝结果的多少是单株产量的保证。发现了节位座果数是果枝结果多少的主要构成因素之一。调查表明果枝粗度大、节位座果高、果枝长度大的株产量就高，它们是构成果枝产量的３个重要组成部分。这多个部分之间是可以通过修剪转化的。基生果枝生长势强，平均座果高。侧生果枝生长势弱，平均座果率低。提出了提高果枝座果数和提高株产的建议。

Through the invetigations and the analysises on the bearing fruit state of a simple tree of perenial ,no pruning Prunus humilis , the results showed that the numder of fruit shoots was the basic factor making the product of a simple tree.The amounts of the base shoots and off shoots were different along with the tree growing older .When a tree growed for above four years old ,the numbers of the base shoots decrased ,the side shoots incrased and which became the main fruit shoots .The amounts of the bearing fruit of the fruit shoots guaranteed the product of the tree, the numbers of the bearing fruit at the joints of the tree formed the product of the fruuit shoots .The investigative results showed that thick fruit shoots ,heavy bearing fruit at the joints and longer shoots made a high product of a simple tree and these three factors formed the product of the tree.The three facts could be changed by pruning the shoots .The base shoots growed exuberanbtly which had a higher rate of bearing fruit ,Finaly the propsals for improving the products of fruit shoots and a simple tree were advanced .