“名词语”句法的形成及其诗学意义

The "Noun-Composite" Syntax and Its Poetic Value

"名词语"是指省略谓语和连接词,完全由名词构成的诗句。这一句法由谢脁、庾信首创,此后在唐宋诗词、元曲中获得广泛运用。从语法角度而言,要解释"名词语",必须要增添句子成分;从诗学角度而言,"名词语"的运用乃是为了获得更强的形象感、表达更丰富的意义、创造静态美、使诗歌语言更凝炼。但若"名词语"运用过度,则会使诗歌含义晦涩,导致理解上的分歧。

The 'noun-composite' syntax is a line of poetry that contains only nouns.This kind of syntax was created by Xie Tiao and Yu Xin,and then used widely in Tang Poetry,Song Ci and Yuan Qu.In the grammar perspective,the understanding of such syntax relies on adding the omitted elements like predicates and conjunctions.In the perspective of poetics,this syntax has rich implications,vivid images,and a static beauty in concise language.If misused,it will lead to ambiguity in meaning.