住院病人医院感染调查与分析

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF IN-PATIENT NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

目的了解医院住院病人医院感染状况,分析其危险因素,制定防控措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法和临床医生填写诊断报告卡方式,对2008年全年本医院12492例出院病人进行了调查分析。结果该医院全年12 492例住院患者发生医院感染254例,感染率2.03%,感染例次率2.07%。感染部位以呼吸道为主,其中上呼吸道感染占56.4%、下呼吸感染占23.6%,其次是手术切口感染占6.95%。254例感染病人中,有54人送检细菌标本,检出病原菌41株,其中革兰阴性菌占75.6%。结论该医院住院病人医院内感染发生率低于全国平均水平,医院感染病例以呼吸道感染为主,感染致病菌以革兰阴性菌为主,为制定防控措施提供了依据。

Objective To know the status of nosocomial infection in in - patients, to analyze its risk factors and to devel- op prevention and control measures. Methods Retrospective investigation method and clinical diagnosis report card were used to investigate and analyze the nosocomial infection in 12 492 in - patients of this hospital discharged in year 2008. Resuits 12 492 in - patients throughout the year got 254 nosocomial infections, with infection rate of 2.03% and infection case- frequency rate of 2.07%. The main infection site was respiratory tract, with upper respiratory tract infection accounting for 56.4% and lower respiratory tract infections accounting for 23.6%, followed by surgical wound infection which accounted for 6.95%. Of the 254 infected patients, 54 submitted specimens for bacterial examination and 41 strains of pathogens were detected in which Gram - negative bacteria accounted for 75.6%. Conclusion The nosocomial infection rate in in - patients of this hospital was lower than the nation - wide average rate. Nosocomial infections were mainly respir- atory tract infections, and the pathogens of infections were mainly Gram - negative bacteria. These results provide the basis for the development of prevention and control measures.