关于60年来我国专业制度的反思

Reflection on China's Specialty System since 1950s

我国传统的专业制度在高等教育中处于重要地位,具有封闭、死板和实体性等特点。传统的专业制度是小科学时代、精英高等教育时代和计划经济时代的产物,不能完全适应今天的大科学时代、高等教育大众化时代和市场经济时代的要求,亟待改革。改革传统的专业制度,需要重新定位专业目录的功能与性质;需要改革专业的实体模式,回归知识、能力组合的本位;需要建立健全的专业设置和创生机制,促进课程的灵活组合,增加专业的个性和灵活性。

Traditional specialty system, which plays an important role in China＇s higher education, is characterized by closeness, inflexibility and substantiality. It is the product of the era of little science, selective higher education and planned economy, which is now no longer suitable for the new period of big science, popularization of higher education and market economy. Therefore, this system is in urgent need of reform, which needs to relocate specialty＇s functions and nature, change the specialty entity schema, return to the standard of knowledge and ability integration, and establish sound specialty setting system and innovative mechanism so as to improve the flexible combination of courses and increase the individuality and flexibility of specialty.