扩大内需政策的实际操作与体系重构

The Actual Operation of the Expanding Domestic Demand Policy and Its System Reconstruction

扩大内需政策的提出是中国经济进入新发展阶段的重要标志,也是经济转型过程中的重大制度变迁。1998年以来,我国扩大内需除采取积极的财政政策、稳健的货币政策等多项措施以外,还积极推进城市化、大力提升人力资本等重大战略措施。但从近期形势和未来发展看,在教育产业化、高等教育大众化对内需的影响日渐式微、城市化对内需的影响边际效应递减等情况下,扩大内需亟需寻找新的源泉和动力支持。坚持以人为本的发展战略,实现从严格控制人口增长到适度人口增长的转变,应纳入下一步扩大内需的政策体系。

The policy of expanding domestic demand is not only an important symbol of China＇s economy entering a new development stage, but also a significant institutional change during the process of economic transition. Since 1998,China has adopted active fiscal policy and stable monetary policy to expand domestic demand, but also im- pelled urbanization and improved human capital to stimulate domestic demand. But on the view of the recent situation and the future development, the effect of educational industrialization and popularization of high education on domestic demand becomes more weak and the margin effect of urbanization is gradually decreasing. So it is urgent to seek new sources and stimulant to expand domestic demand. The strategy of persisting the principle of people-oriented and realizing the moderate population increase from rigid birth control should be brought into the next policy system.