大学生性别角色形成研究——双性化与未分化个案的对比

The Development of the Gender Role of College Students:A Comparative Study between Undifferentiation and Androgyny

采用刘电芝编制的中国大学生性别角色量表(CSRI-50),甄别出双性化、未分化和单性化被试。在此基础上,对双性化和未分化个案进行深度访谈,以探究影响大学生性别角色形成的主要因素。结果表明父母教养方式、父母个性特点、父母期待、亲子关系、玩伴和自我期待是性别角色的六大影响因素。其中家庭因素最为重要,在家庭因素中父母处于核心地位。通过双性化和未分化个案的比较研究,表明教养者的温柔、鼓励,民主型教养方式,良好的家庭气氛,兄弟姐妹间友好关爱,积极的自我调节有利于双性化的发展;反之,则加剧未分化的形成。

In this study, subjects were classified into Androgyny, Undifferentiation, Masculinity and Femininity by means of the Chinese Sex-Role Inventory developed by Liu Dianzhi. On the basis of profound interviews, we explored the main factors that affected gender role development of college students. The results show： Parenting styles, parents＇ personality, parents＇ expectation, parent - child relationships, playmates and self expectations are the six top factors. Among these factors family is of the most importance and parents are at the core. Parents＇ encc？uragment, democratic child- rearing type, good family atmosphere, good relationship between brothers and sisters and positive self- regulation are conducive to the development of Androgyny, and, reversely, are conducive to the development of Undifferentiated.