资源约束不断加深下的可持续增长

Sustainable growth under consistently deepening resource restraints

该文借用一个资源约束不断加深的经济增长模型,重点分析资源开采成本、环境质量要求、污染税对经济增长的影响,发现在资源开采成本不断上升时,如果效用函数中环境质量要求足够大、折现率足够低、那么污染税能够促进增长;当资源开发效率较低时,污染税对经济增长率有正效应。中国的"进口资源—粗加工—再出口"模式同时承担了巨大的资源价格上涨压力和粗加工过程中的环境污染压力,在新的资源来源难以保证的情况下,尤其需要在立法和执法过程中提高环境质量要求,降低环境效用的折现率,以通过严格执行污染税实现经济的可持续增长。

Using the economic growth model of consistently deepening resource restraints, this article puts emphasis on analyzing the influence of resource exploitation cost, requirements for environment quality, and pollution tax on economic growth. We find that with the continuous rise of resource exploitation cost, if the requirements for environment quality in utility function are high enough and the depreciation rate is low enough, pollution tax could promote economic growth; and that when resource exploitation efficiency is low, pollution tax has positive impact on economic growth rate. China＇s ＂imported resource-rough processing-re - export＂ model bears dual pressures, extreme pressure of rising resource prices and the pressure of environment pollution during the rough processing process. Considering the difficulties in acquiring new resources, China should improve the requirements for environment quality in law legislation and enforcement, lower the depreciation rate of environment utility, and realize consistent economic growth by strict pollution tax.