基于ITS序列分析鉴定灵芝属菌种

Identification of Ganoderma Spawns Based on ITS Sequence Analysis

针对11个本所保藏灵芝属菌株及9个灵芝属野生菌株的ITS序列,应用特异引物进行PCR扩增,对其产物进行测序,并从GenBank上下载2条赤芝(Ganoderma luncidum)、1条黑紫灵芝(Ganoderma japonicum)和1条无柄紫灵芝(Ganoderma mastoporum)的ITS序列,以猴头菇(Hericium erinaceum)为外类群,用NJ(Neighbor-Joining)法构建系统发育树,结果表明,20个灵芝属菌株聚为4个簇,其中赤芝组和树舌亚属的菌株各自聚为1组,其组内同源性均达99.7%以上,紫灵芝组的菌株分成2组:无柄紫灵芝和黑紫灵芝。系统发育分析也表明仅根据形态学特征难以将灵芝属菌株进行有效的分类,利用分子生物学的技术手段对灵芝菌株进行分类是一种更有效的方法,ITS序列分析在近缘种的分类鉴定上很有价值。

ITS sequence analysis of 11 preserved strains and 9 wild strains of Ganoderma spp. were investigated in this study. ITS sequences were produced from 20 strains of Ganoderma spp. by cloning sequencing of PCR products. Data were combined with ITS sequences from 6 related strains, including Ganoderma luncidum, Ganoderma japonicum, Ganoderma mastoporum and Hericium erinaceum, obtained from GenBank to construct a phylogenetic tree using the Neighbor-joining method with Hericium erinaceum as the outgroups. Four distinct groups were identified including the sect. Ganoderma, the sect. subgenus Elfvingia, the sect. Phaeonema. Similarity value among sects Ganoderma and subgenus Elfvingia strains were〉 99.7%. Analysis of molecu- lar data is a more effective and useful approach for studying the taxonomy of Ganoderma, and for establishing phylogenefic rela- tionships within the genus, compared to methods based on morphology of fruiting body.