两种不同功能蜘蛛丝的物理化学结构表征与力学性能

Physico-Chemical Structural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Two Types of Spider Silk with Different Function

蜘蛛丝是一种具有优良机械性能的天然动物蛋白纤维,它特有的结构和性能与其生物学功能密切相关.采用氨基酸自动分析仪、傅立叶转换红外光谱仪、单纤强力仪和电子显微镜对棒络新妇(Nephila clavata)卵袋框丝(纺自大壶状腺)与内层丝(纺自柱状腺)两种不同功能蜘蛛丝的物理化学结构表征、力学行为与性能进行测试研究.结果表明这两种蜘蛛丝的氨基酸组成和蛋白二级结构与其力学行为与性能相一致,蜘蛛丝似乎呈现出一定的机械性能,以适应其不同的功能要求,这对人们进行新型安全防护材料的仿生设计将有重要的指导意义.

The biological function and life history have shaped the silk＇s structures and mechanical properties. Here we examined two types of egg case silk with distinct biological functions： inner cover and scaffolding egg case silks produced respectively by the cylindrical and major ampullate glands of the goldenorb-weaving spider Nephila clavata. The egg case inner cover silks appear to be distinct from the major ampullate gland silks based on micro-morphologies, mole percent amino acid composition and types, secondary structures and tensile behaviors and properties. It seems that spider silks display some strategies of mechanical properties optimally matched to the biological functional requirements of individuals. This might be helpful to guide biomimetic design of novel safe guarding materials.