越南汉文学中的东南亚新世界——以1830年代初期为考察对象

The New World of Southeast Asia in Vietnam’s Chinese Literature——Investigating the early 1830s

从越南阮朝(1802～1883)使节出使外国的第一手汉文学资料中可以看到,19世纪初叶起,越南文人与中国和东南亚各国有许多交流,彼时西方文化亦透过海外殖民势力大举传至东方。在这传统与现代交替的重要时刻,越南与东亚各国一样也都面临东西方文化交会与冲突的新处境,越南阮朝使节于此扮演着关键且艰巨的角色,他们的所见所闻、所作所为正是我们认识东亚人文传统与文化动力不可或缺的一环。1830年代初期越南使节李文馥、邓文启、何宗权、潘清简及其与南洋有关的汉文学作品,为我们认识他们为何奉派到南洋、认识他们当年笔下所记录的东南亚新世界提供了生动的史料。

The first-hand documents on Chinese literature collected from the Vietnamese diplomats of the Nguyen Dynasty （1802-1883） reveal that from the beginning of the 19th century, Vietnamese scholars frequently exchanged with China and other Southeast Asian countries. Meanwhile, Western cultures also penetrated to the East at a large scale through colonial powers of the straits. At a crucial time of transition from tradition to modernity, Vietnam and other Eastern countries faced the same new situation in which the East encountered and conflicted with the West. The diplomats of the Nguyen Dynasty played a key and formidable role at the time. What they saw and heard and what they did became an indispensible link in understanding the humanistic tradition and cultural motives of the East Asians. The Vietnamese diplomats such as Li Wenfu, Deng Wenqi, He Zongquan, Pan Qingjian and the Chinese literary works related to Southeast Asia provided us with lively historical documents for understanding why they were dispatched to Southeast Asia and for better understanding the new world of Southeast Asia recorded by their pens.