生物入侵造成经济损失评估的研究进展

Assessment of Economic Damage from Biological Invasion

生物入侵是生物多样性减少的最重要的因素之一,同时还造成巨大的经济损失,包括直接经济损失和间接经济损失。外来入侵物种造成经济损失评估的研究有助于相关政策的制定以及社会对生物入侵问题的认识与关注。从应用角度考虑,目前国内外对生物入侵造成经济损失的评估分为两类:一类是影响评估,即生态系统服务价值丧失的评估;另一类是政策决策评估,即入侵物种防治的经济分析。文章对国内外生物入侵产生的经济影响、经济损失评估内容及方法、研究面临的主要问题及未来研究趋势进行综述和展望,以期为该领域更深入的研究建立理论参考基础。

Invasive species are one of the main reasons for the loss of biodiversity and it will reduce a lot of economic loss, including direct economic loss and indirect economic loss. Economic evaluation studies of biological invasions and of measures against them can be used to support the decision process as a tool of policy advice. Until now, there are two kinds of biological： one is impact assessment of ecosystem function loss and another is decision aid of invasive species prevention. In this paper, we analyze whether the economic studies available so far are suitable for that task and build a theory foundation for further research.