针对性出院指导对2型糖尿病患者近期效果的影响

Observation on curative effect of discharge instruction for patients with type 2 diabetes

目的探讨针对性出院指导对2型糖尿病患者及其家属的可行性与近期效果的影响。方法将68例2型糖尿病患者及其家属按首次住院先后顺序分为研究组（34例）和对照组（34例），研究组实施针对性出院指导，对照组给与常规出院指导。分别于患者入院时和出院6个月时监测空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白，并进行依从性和生活质量评定。结果出院6个月时研究组血糖控制情况明显优于对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；研究组患者依从性明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）；研究组生活质量在社会功能、生理问题对日常活动的限制、心理问题对社会活动的限制、心理健康、活力、疼痛、总体健康评价方面显著优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论对2型糖尿病患者及其家属进行有针对性的出院指导是改善患者近期效果、提高生活质量行之有效的方法之一。

Objective To explore the feasibility and early results of discharge instruction for patients with type 2 diabetes and their family members. Methods 68 patients with type 2 diabetes and their family members were divided into two groups according to sequential in hospital for the first time, observation group （ 34 ） and control group （ 34 ）. Special and general discharge instruction were given to the patients and their fami- ly members respectively. Observation was conducted for the two groups in the newly hospitalized and at 6 months after discharge from the hospital, investigating the clinical value of fasting plasma glucose（FPG） ,2 h postpradial plasma glucose（2 hPG）and glycated hemoglobin in patiets with type 2 diabetes, and evaluation of compliance and quality of life. Results The understanding on discharge instruction in observation group was better than that in control group at 6 months after discharge from the hospital（ P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ） ）. Compliance was obviously better than that in control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Quality of life was obviously better than that in control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Discharge instruction for patients with type 2 diabetes and their family members can improve early results and improve quality of life.