新型甲型H1N1流感68例临床分析

Clinical features of 68 cases of novel influenza A (H1N1) in Shanghai

目的:探讨上海地区甲型H1N1流感确诊病例的临床特点。方法:分析2009年5月24日至7月1日上海市(复旦大学附属)公共卫生临床中心收治的甲型H1N1流感68例确诊病例的流行病学及临床资料。结果:68例甲型H1N1流感确诊病例的临床特点:(1)不同性别和各年龄段均可感染和发病,但主要见于青少年,女性患者偏多。(2)首发症状多为发热,大多数为中低热,发热持续时间为1～4d;主要症状包括发热(98.5%)、咳嗽(83.8%)、咽痛(52.9%);主要体征为咽部充血(95.6%)、扁桃体肿大(54.4%);少数患者可出现病毒性肺炎。(3)血清C反应蛋白升高和前白蛋白下降比较常见。(4)在奥司他韦治疗的前提下,患者病毒转阴时间1～7d,中位时间4d。结论:此次甲型H1N1流感病毒具有很强的传染性,能在人与人之间传播,并在不同国家扩散。该次流行期间的感染者大多表现出轻微的症状,患者很快痊愈。

Objective To analyze clinical features of patients infected with novel influenza A （H1N1） in Shanghai. Methods The epidemiology and clinical data of 68 confirmed cases with H1N1 infection from May 24th to July 1st, 2009 were analyzed. Results The clinical features of 68 patients infected with H1Nl were as follows： （1） Male and female of different ages could be infected and fell ill, the mainly patients were teenagers and female.（2）The starting symptoms were fever, mostly low-grade fever for 1-4 days. The main symptoms included fever（98.5%）, cough （83.8%）and pharyngodynia（52.9%）. The main signs included congestive heart for the pharynx（95.6%） and swollen tonsils （54.4%）, and a small number of patients suffered with viral pneumonia. （3）The elevated serum C-reactive protein and decreased prealbumin were also detected in most patients. （4） The patients infected with H1N1 would be negative at 1 to 7 days, with a median time of 4 days, post treatment with osehamivir. Conclusion H1N1 is highly contagious and can spread among people in different countries. During the prevalence period, majority patients characterized by minor symptoms and quick healing.