特大洪灾与森林培育

Catastrophic Floods and Silviculture

长江流域生态环境日益恶化的主要表现为水土流失严重及其相伴随的灾害威胁，以致发生１９９８年的特大洪灾。这些灾害最根本的原因是长江中上游森林受到严重破坏。恢复植被，提高森林覆盖率和森林品质，立即禁止顺坡耕作，尽快改坡耕地为梯田，是治理长江水患的根本措施，也是当务之急。

Abstract The relationship between inundation and forest silviculture in the watershed of the Yangze River was analyzed to narrate the hydrological function of forest in the paper. It was proposed that the catastrophic flood in late summer, 1998, be the result of the deterioration of ecological environment of the river from day to day, which mainly expressed as severe water and soil losses and disaster stresses. And the preliminary cause of formation of catastrophic flood is considered as severe destruction of forest along the up and middle river. It was suggested that the restoration of vegetation, increase of forest coverage and forest quality, prohibition from farming preparation along slope immediately as well as transformation of farmland from slope land into terraced land as soon as possible be fundamental control measurements of catastrophic flood and the most necessary work.