大理古城生活方式型旅游企业的动机和目标研究

Study on the Motivations and Objectives of Life-styled Tourism Businesses in Dali Ancient City

随着全球企业小型化的发展,小企业已经发展为旅游企业的重要组成部分,对区域旅游发展起到促进作用。生活方式型旅游企业从属于旅游小企业,在国内外广泛存在,但相关研究较少。本文运用质性研究方法,通过大理古城实地调研,将生活方式型旅游企业划分为3种类型并进行分析,发现它们的动机和目标存在一定的共性,但也出现了分异。类生活方式型动机出自维持生计和兴趣爱好,但目标却逐渐偏向盈利和扩张;进取型的动机是兴趣爱好,目标也是享受生活状态,具有一致性;保守型中纯玩型的动机是享受不同生活方式,目标则表现出不稳定性,而需要维持生计型的则动机明确,维持生计,目标出现分化,分为维持现状和不明确。因此,政府在政策制定时需要对不同类型的企业进行区分并加以引导。

With the development of global businesses in miniature, small-sized businesses have become an important component part of tourism businesses and played promoting role in the development of regional tourism. Life-styled tourism businesses are subordinate to small-sized tourism businesses, which exist extensively both at home and abroad but with less related study. The paper, by applying qualitative study approach, divides the life-styled tourism businesses into three categories through an on- the-spot survey in Dali ancient city. The study finds that there is certain generality in their motivations and objectives, but differ- ences also appear. The motivation of life-styled tourism businesses stems from maintaining their livelihood and interest, but their objective has gradually deviated to making profits and expansion. Enterprising-styled businesses tend to pursue their interest and their objective is also to enjoy life. Conservativestyled businesses tend to enjoy different life styles with unstable objective. Those wishing to maintain livelihood have clear motivation, but their objectives are diverse either maintaining present state or becoming unclear. Therefore, it is imperative for the government to differentiate or give guidance to different types of businesses in formulating the policy.