黄土丘陵沟壑区第二副区山坡地土壤侵蚀特征研究

Soil Erosion Characters of Slope Land in the2nd Sub-region of Loess Plateau

在广泛收集资料的基础上，对黄土丘陵沟壑区第二副区山坡地土壤侵蚀特征以往的研究结论进行了综合分析，结果表明：（1）影响该区山坡地土壤侵蚀的主要因素为降雨、地形及土地利用。（2）该区山坡地土壤侵蚀主要类型为水蚀，主要方式为溅蚀、片蚀、细沟及浅沟侵蚀。（3）该区多年平均侵蚀模数为8373t／km2，其中以坡度大于25°的耕地和植被盖度小于10％的荒草地侵蚀强度最大，年侵蚀模数为18000t／km2，坡度为15～25°的耕地及植被盖度为10％～30％的林草地年侵蚀模数分别为15000t／km2和12000t／km2。

On the basis of collected information about erosion in the 2nd Sub-region of LoessPlateau,the research results was revealed: (1 ) the main factors affecting soil erosion in slopeland were precipitation, topography and land use, (2) the main erosion. types were splasherosion, sheet erosion. rill erosion and shallow gully erosion, (3 ) the annunal average erosionmodule was 8 373t/km2, annunal erosion module with > 25° slope land and < 1O % coverdegree was 1 8OOt/ktn2 , annunal erosion module with 15 ~ 25° slope land and grass-forest landwith 10 %~ 30% cover degree were 1 5OOt/km2 and 1 2OOt/km2 respectively.