郭象道德哲学思想引论

An Introduction to Guo Xiang′s Moral Philosophy

在《庄子注》中,郭象试图依据个体性原则构建起为整个社会所赞同的价值与规范体系(即道德哲学)。然而,凭借个体性原则来探究道德又使其显示出伦理利己主义的倾向:以足性逍遥或满足个体的天性作为评判道德价值的标尺,其结果可能导致每个人都根据自己的利益采取行动、进行判断;无为原则所主张的放任个体天性的立场也无法形成普遍有效的行为规范;"独化于玄冥"则从形而上的层面为个体性存在提供了终极依据。正如所有伦理利己主义理论那样,郭象的道德哲学也蕴含着取消道德生活的可能性。

As a major figure of Neo- Taoist philosophy in Wei -Jin Period, Guo Xiang wanted to construct a universal system of value and norms, i.e. moral philosophy by annotating Zhuang Tzu. However, the principle of individuality may lead to ethical egoism： individual happiness was acknowledged as the standard of moral value; the principal of non-action could not bring about universal norm; Duhua theory provided metaphysical foundation for individuality. As all of ethical egoism, Guo Xiang＇s moral philosophy would cancel the probability of moral life.