内蒙古自治区2004-2008年麻疹流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological features of measles from 2004 to 2008 in Inner Mongonlia

目的了解近年来内蒙古自治区麻疹流行特点,为控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法根据内蒙古自治区传染病报告系统和年度麻疹发病统计表,对2004-2008年麻疹发病资料进行分析。结果2004-2008年内蒙古自治区共报告麻疹病例11880例,年均发病率为9.94/10万,其中,2005年发病率最高,达14.96/10万。不同年份间麻疹发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各盟市均有病例报告,年均发病率居前3位的是巴彦淖尔市(23.82/10万)、鄂尔多斯市(19.91/10万)、呼和浩特市(16.80/10万)。不同地区间麻疹发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各月份均有发病,以3～6月份发病最多,占65.7%。发病年龄属混合模式,以1～14岁为主,占44.0%,同时出现双向移位现象,即大年龄组(≥15岁)和<1岁组病例数增加,分别占病例总数的40.1%和15.9%。结论内蒙古自治区麻疹发病率有上升趋势,应加快麻疹控制工作,提高人群免疫水平。

Objective To understand the epidemic feature of measles in Inner Mongolia from 2004 to 2008 so as to provide scientific evidence for measles control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the epidemiology of measles from 2004 to 2008 based on the data collected from the regular report system of infectious diseases and annual statistics of measles. Results 11 880 cases were reported in Inner Mongolia from 2004 to 2008 and the average annual incidence was 9.94/100 thousand. The incidence was 14.96/100 thousand in 2005, when the incidence was the highest. There was a difference in the incidence in different years （P〈0.01）. Average annual incidence of disease occupy the top three： Bayannaoer 23.82/100 thousand, Erdos 19.91/100 thousand and Huhhot 16.80/ 100 thousand. There was a diffrernce in the incidence in different places （P 〈 0.01）. There was obvious seasonality in the onset of measles. The total amount of measles onset cases from March to June was the most, that counts 65.7%. The age of measles onset belongs to the mixing mode. Children aged 1 -- 14 were mainly affected, accounting for 44.0%, and ＂biphase shifting＂ appeared obviously. The cases of 0 years old and over 15 years old were increased,accounting for 40.1% and 15.9% of the total. Conclusions The incidence of measles was on a rising trend in Inner Mongolia. Controlling mealse must be strengthened. The immunity level of the population should be improved.