我院36例接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗致不良反应分析

Analysis on 36 Cases of ADR Caused by Influenza A H1N1 Vaccine in Our Hospital

目的:了解接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗致不良反应发生率与安全性。方法:对我院于2009年11月24日上午9∶00时接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗的228例医护人员,于2009年11月25日上午9∶00时后进行电话回访,得知共出现36例不良反应,并对接种人员的性别、年龄、不良反应类型、累及器官或系统及临床表现、不良反应转归情况进行统计、分析。结果:接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗致不良反应发生率为15.79%,略高于说明书(14.52%),主要为神经系统症状(42.86%);同一科室5人中有4人出现不良反应,经了解发现这4人接种的疫苗在恒温保留了5h,而另一人即领即接种未发生不良反应;女性发生率16.33%,略高于男性的14.81%;严重的不良反应占接种人员的0.44%;治愈好转率达100%;在36例不良反应中,6例有过敏史,其中1例为严重的不良反应。结论:甲型H1N1流感疫苗应严格按照说明书贮藏和使用,有过敏史的人员应慎重接种或接种后密切观察。大多数不良反应的症状轻微且持续时间较短,接种是安全的。

OBJECTIVE： To probe into the incidence rate of ADR and safety of influenza A H1N1 vaccine. METHODS： 228 of medical staff of our hospital was vaccinated influenza A H1N1 vaccine on Nov. 24th in 2009 and followed up at the following day. 36 cases ADR were collected and statistically analyzed in respects of gender, age, the classification of ADR, organs or system involved and clinical manifestation, prognosis of ADR. RESULTS： The incidence rate of ADR was 15.79% versus 14.52 % in the instruction. ADR were mostly occurred in nervous system （42.86%）. Of 5 persons in same department, ADR occurred in four persons whose vaccines were kept at constant temperature for five hours; ADR didn＇t occurred in only one person who were vaccinated in time. Incidence rate of ADR were 16.33% for female and 14.81% for male. Severe ADR accounted for 0.44% of total ADR and all cases were cured and improved. Of 36 ADR cases, severe ADR appeared in one of six patients who had allergic history. CONCLUSION： The influenza A H1N1 vaccine should be strictly used and stored according to drug instruction. People who are hypersensitive to drugs should be vaccinated carefully and observed closely after vaccination. Most of vaccination is safe although some slight and short-term ADR will appear.