个性化深度辅导与首都大学生发展的实证分析

Individual Mentoring Service in Beijing Colleges:An Empirical Analysis of A New Mode of Mentor-Mentee Relationship

深度辅导政策是我国高校为培养创新人才和适应高等教育多元化的形势而实施的促进学生个性化发展的创新举措,深度辅导政策形成了高校学生和辅导员之间深度交流的新型互动模式。本研究针对北京地区不同院校类型,分析了这种新型互动模式的现状、影响因素以及对大学生个性发展的促进作用。研究发现,学生的个人特征、高校学生工作的环境特征、学生学习生活状态、学生心理认知发展需求等因素都会显著影响深度交流的可能性,深度交流在一定程度上促进了学生的自信心、学习动力和生活目标的提升。但是数据也显示了在促进大学生个性化发展方面,高校深度辅导工作还有待完善。比如高校需要进一步提升深度交流的覆盖率;要努力为辅导员队伍建设的可持续发展搭建平台;面对多元化的学生群体,辅导员在实际工作中还应该更多关注个体学生认知发展模式的异质性,加强深度交流的灵活性和针对性;要突破高校心理健康教育的传统模式,进行心理健康教育的创新,促进学生的成长和发展。

Much has changed in Beijing's higher education in the past several decades.Shen du fu dao(Individual Mentoring Service,IMS),which has been adapted by Beijing higher education institutions since 2005,is one of initiatives to promote student development under such new circumstances.Based on the dataset of Beijing College Student Development Survey(BCSDS),this paper intends to understand:(1) the factors influencing the quality of IMS in Beijing's universities,(2) the contribution of IMS to student success in college.This article finds that gender,high school academic preparation, university environments,and student academic and emotion engagement have impacts the quality of IMS.Morever,to a certain degree,IMS has promoted students' self-confidence, learning motivation,and purposes of life,However,colleges need to provide more IMS to ordinary students and individuals from some vulnerable groups.IMS should focus both on academic and social aspects of college life.Mentors in universities need more creative solutions to help students face challenges in college life.