早产儿机械通气治疗的研究进展

Mechanical ventilation in preterm infant

机械通气在治疗早产儿严重并发症尤其是呼吸系统疾病中起着非常重要的作用。随着产前及新生儿期护理技术和治疗策略的改进，早产儿生存率逐年增加，支气管肺发育不良的发生率也在持续增加，严重影响早产儿的预后。近年新生儿学者在非侵袭性呼吸支持技术对减轻肺损伤、降低早产儿并发症方面进行了许多有益的探索。本文就不同机械通气模式在治疗早产儿呼吸衰竭中的作用及肺保护策略在降低早产儿肺损伤中的应用现状进行综述。

Mechanical ventilation plays an important role in the treatment of preterm infants, especially respiratory problems. With improvement in both antenatal and neonatal care and therapeutic strategies, premature babies are surviving more than ever. However,the incidence of bronchpulmonary dysplasia remains high which affects the clinical outcomes of premature infants. Non-invasive respiratory support techniques have been used in attempts to decrease lung injury and the complications of preterm infants. This review will focus on various ventilation modalities for managing preterm infants with respiratory failure and lung protective ventilation strategies to minimize lung injury in preterm infants.