基于Markov过程的硬/软件综合系统可靠性分析

Reliability Analysis of Combined Hardware/Software System Based on Markov Process

现代大型监控系统通常是一个复杂的硬/软件综合系统,其可靠性分析对于系统的设计、评估具有重要意义.综合考虑硬件、软件特点以及两者之间的相互作用关系,提出一种基于Markov过程的综合系统可靠性分析模型,模型中将系统失效分为硬件失效、软件失效与硬/软件结合失效.实际应用中,由于系统的状态数较大,提出利用循环网络方法对Markov状态转移方程进行求解,从而方便地得到系统处于各状态的瞬时概率与稳态概率.通过分析硬/软件综合系统可靠度、可用度与系统可靠性参数之间的关系,指出硬/软件结合失效将影响系统可用度,忽略硬/软件结合失效将导致可靠性估计值偏离实际值.

Present-day large-scale monitor systems are typical complex hardware/software systems,the reliability analysis of which is very important to their design and assessment. Considering characteristic of hardware, software and mutual function relations between them, this article proposes a reliability model of combined hardware/software system based on Markov process. This model divides system failures into three categories：hardware failures,software failures and hardware/software interaction failures.Because of the greater number of system states in practical application,the Markov model may cause analysis of system to be very difficult, so the solution based on the recursive network method is presented to solve state transition equation, and thus obtain instantaneous and stable probability of each states conveniently. Through reliability and availabifity analysis of combined hardware/software system related to system reliability parameters points out that hardware/software interaction will influence system availability, if ignoring the hardware/software interaction failures,the estimation of reliability will deviate from actual value.