施肥对观赏甘薯开花习性的影响

Effects of fertilization on flowering of sweet potato

不同的施肥处理在甘薯的花形、花色、花香与单花花期的表现上基本没有差异,而在花冠直径、花筒长、花梗长以及开花量上具有一定的差异,且对开花量影响最大,其中,N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶1∶2和N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1∶2的开花量较对照(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0∶0)分别提高了33.12%和24.16%,分别达到极显著和显著水平,其他施肥处理也较对照有不同程度的提高,但均不显著。N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶1∶2的单枝花蕾数和花梗数分别较对照增加16.67%和7.73%。增施N肥、P肥和K肥均可提高甘薯开花量,并且以N、P、K配合施用效果最佳,其中,N、K肥效果优于P肥。

Flowershape, color, fragrance of flower and the time of flowering which applied different fertilizer to the ornament sweet potato have no difference, but in the corolla diameter, corolla length, the flower footstalk grow and the number of flower had certain difference. The biggest impact factor was the number of flower. Among them, the number of flower at the treament N： P2O5：K2O=2： 1：2 and treament N： P2O5：K20 = 1： 1：2 more 33. 12% and 24. 16% than treament N： P2O5 ： K2O= 1：0： 0, and were significantly different. Other treaments also had different degree improve compare with treament N ： P2O5 ： K2O = 1 ： 0： 0, and all were not significantly different. When the number of bud and flower footstalk effected the number of flower, the number of bud and the number of flower footstalk of treament N ： P2O5 ： K2O= 2 ： 1 ： 2, increased 16. 67% and 7.73% respectively, compare with treament N： P2O5：K2O= 1： 0： 0. This could explain that increasing use N, P, and K were advantageous to increase the number of flower on ornament sweet potato, and the best resultion was to used with N, P, K together, and the effect of N, K fertilizer were better than P fertilizer.