春小麦对不同灌水处理的气孔反应及其影响因子

Stomatal response of spring wheat and related affecting factors under different irrigation treatments

选用3个春小麦品种(系),采用大田试验方法,在冬灌1800m3.hm-2的基础上,在生育期设3次灌水处理(T1)、2次灌水处理(T2)和1次灌水处理(T3),每次灌水1050m3.hm-2,研究土壤水分对春小麦生育期气孔导度的影响及气孔导度与相关环境因素的关系.结果表明:灌水处理对春小麦生育期气孔导度的影响较大,气孔导度随着灌溉次数的减少逐渐降低,同时不同基因型间存在差异.从拔节期到开花期,不同处理春小麦气孔导度变化一致,都呈先升高后降低趋势,在抽穗期达到峰值;开花期之后各处理出现差异,T1各品种气孔导度先下降后上升,T2品种间表现不同,T3一直呈下降趋势.各环境因子中,大气相对湿度对春小麦气孔导度的影响最大,两者的相关系数在T2和T3中分别达显著(0.82*)和极显著水平(0.92**).春小麦适应水分亏缺的气孔调节机理为反馈式调节.

Taking three spring wheat cultivars as test materials,a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different irrigation treatments on the stomatal conductance of the cultivars during their growth period,with the relationships between the stomatal conductance and the environmental factors analyzed.On the basis of winter irrigation with 1800 m3·hm-2 of water,three irrigation treatments,i.e.,irrigating three times （T1）,two times （T2）,and once （T3） during spring wheat growth period,were installed,with 1050 m3·hm-2 of irrigation water each time.All irrigation treatments had greater effects on the stomatal conductance,which was decreased with the decreasing times of irrigation,and varied with the cultivars.From jointing stage to florescence,the stomatal conductance in all treatments had the same variation trend,i.e.,decreased after an initial increase,and reached the peak at heading stage.After florescence,difference occurred among the treatments.In treatment T1,the stomatal conductance of all test cultivars increased after an initial decrease;in treatment T2,the variation patterns of stomatal conductance differed with cultivars;while in treatment T3,the conductance of all cultivars decreased all along.Among the environmental factors,relative atmospheric humidity had the greatest effects on the stomatal conductance,and their correlation coefficient in treatments T2 and T3 reached significant （0.82） and very significant （0.92）,respectively.The stomatal regulation mechanism of spring wheat adapting to water deficit in Hexi corridor was of feedback manner.