急性白血病异基因造血干细胞移植患者口腔护理体会

The mouth care comprehension of acute and chronic leukemia stem cell transplant patient

目的:在异基因造血干细胞移植过程中,患者很容易发生口腔黏膜的破溃、出血、感染,对原有口腔护理进行改进,并观察其效果。方法:对住院的6例异基因造血干细胞移植患者,采取正确的刷牙方式,护理人员每日评估刷牙的效果,认真观察牙齿的洁净,口腔有无出血、溃疡、炎症。结果:3例患者未发生口腔黏膜病变,1例口腔感染,2例溃疡(中度1例,轻度1例),均无出血。结论:一般异基因造血干细胞移植的患者均为神志清楚、可自行活动的人群,采用口腔护理棉球擦拭方法,被动接受这种方式时患者有种无用感,从心理和生理上过度依赖医护人员,不利于树立战胜疾病的信心,从而使患者更难渡过以后不适阶段。改为刷牙式口腔护理,可以诱导患者积极配合治疗的意识,提升患者的精神状态,节省了工作时间,提高了工作效率,同时树立了患者战胜疾病的信心。

Objective：The patient of stem cell transplant easily generate OM＇s break,hemorrhage,infection. We improve the mouth care and observe the effect. Methods：Six patients of stem cell transplant apply correct tooth brushing. Nursing staff evaluate the effect everyday ,and observe the mouth clear ,hemorrhage ,inflammation. Results： Three patients have no process in mouth membrane;1 patient have oral infection;2 patients have dental ulcer （1 midrange, 1 light）. They all have no hemorrhage ,and their breath is fresh and teeth is pure white. Conclusion ：General patient of stem cell transplant is clear and can move by himself. They were passive at the mouth caring time ,will rely on the medical staff in psychology and physiology. This is not good for them to create confidence against disease and pass through the next discomfort stage. Tooth brushing mouth care can induce the patient to be active and patient＇s mental state was improved. In general,tooth brushing saved more time and is more efficient to build the patient＇s con fidence than the traditional method.