种植密度与氮肥施用量对糯小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Plant Density and Nitrogen Application Rate on Grain Yield and Quality of Waxy Wheat

以糯小麦新品种华糯1号为试验材料,研究了不同种植密度、氮肥施用量以及二者的交互作用对糯小麦产量和品质影响。结果表明:当基本苗种植密度为120×104～240×104/hm2时,随着种植密度的增加,籽粒产量明显增加,籽粒粗蛋白含量明显降低;当基本苗种植密度达300×104/hm2时,籽粒产量增加不明显,面团形成时间明显缩短、评价值明显降低。氮肥施用量为75～225 kg/hm2,增施氮肥可同步提高籽粒产量、籽粒粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量和评价值,而当氮肥施用量达300 kg/hm2时,籽粒产量和评价值下降,籽粒粗蛋白含量和湿面筋含量增加,但增幅较小。本试验条件下使华糯1号高产和优质的最佳组合是基本苗种植密度为240×104/hm2、氮肥施用水平为225 kg/hm2。

The grain yield and quality of waxy wheat variety Huanuo 1 under different nitrogen application rate and plant density were studied. The results showed that the grain yield increased and the grain coarse protein content decreased significantly, with the number of basic seedlings increased from 1.2 million to 2.4 million per hm^2. While with the number of basic seedlings increased from 2.4 million to 3.0 million per hm^2, the grain yield increased with no obvious variation,the flour dough development time was shortened and the farinogram parameters value decreased obviously. The grain yield, the content of grain coarse protein and wet gluten and the farinogram parameters value increased simultaneously, with nitrogen application rate improved from 75 kg/hm^2 to 225 kg/hm^2. However, with nitrogen application rate increased to 300 kg/hm^2 , the grain yield and the farinogram parameters value reduced, the content of grain coarse protein and wet gluten improved slightly. Under this experimental condition,2.4 million basic seedlings per hm^2 and 225 kg/hm^2 nitrogen application rate were the optimal combination for obtaining higher grain yield and better quality of waxy wheat variety Huanuo 1.