天麻蚜蝇外部形态及生物学特性的观察

Observation on Outside Morphological and Biological Characteristics of the Azpeytia shirakii Hurkmans

采用野外调查和室内饲养的方法,观察了天麻蚜蝇Azpeytia shirakii Hurkmans的形态特征、生活史及习性。结果表明:天麻蚜蝇在湖北省宜昌地区1年发生2代,以蛹越冬,翌年4月下旬开始羽化,6月下旬至8月中旬化蛹越夏,10月下旬开始化蛹越冬;第1代产卵高峰期在5月;第1代幼虫高峰期在5月下旬至6月中旬;第2代产卵高峰期在8月下旬至9月上旬;第2代幼虫高峰期在9月上旬至10月上旬。天麻蚜蝇属白昼活动型,成虫交尾时间主要集中在10:00-17:00,产卵多选择在阴暗潮湿、有腐殖质的地方;土壤中的越冬蛹在天气晴朗时可自行掘洞爬出土壤表面,遇冷则退缩回洞中。

The indoor and outdoor survey and observation have been applied to study the morphological characteristics,life cycle and habits of the new pests of Azpeytia shirakii Hurkmans（Diptera： Syrphidae） in Gastrodia elata Blume. The results showed that the pest proliferates two generations in one year, and lives over-winter via pupae. Adults will appear in early April in the second year. In late June to the middle August, larvae will live over-summer through pupation and over-winter via pupae in the late October. The peak time of oviposition of the first generation is in May, and the peak time of larva emergenceis in late May to the middle June. The peak time of oviposition of the second generation is in late August to the early September, and the peak time of larva emergence is from early September to early October. A. shirakii is active mainly in the daytime. And the mating time is generally during 10：00-17：00, and the sites of ovipositon were chosen in damp places with organic waste around. The over-winter pupae may crawl to the surface layer of soil during sunny days and return to the hole when it encounters coldness.