地震灾区中学生时间洞察力特点及其与自我价值感的关系

Research of characteristics of time perspective and its relationship to self-worth of middle-school students in earthquake-striken areas

时间洞察力是个体对于时间的认知、体验和行动(或行动倾向)的一种人格特质。自我价值感是个人在社会生活中,认知和评价作为客体的自我对社会主体(包括群体和他人)以及作为主体的自我的正向的自我情感体验。通过对897名地震灾区和非灾区中学生进行问卷调查,对其时间洞察力的特点及时间洞察力与自我价值感的关系进行研究。结果表明:时间洞察力的性别差异不显著;城市学生的现在享乐显著高于农村,农村学生在未来因素上显著高于城市。在灾区学生中,农村学生的过去情感体验显著高于城市学生,而来自农村的学生在灾区—非灾区上存在显著差异。在过去积极因素上,在非灾区学生中农村显著高于郊区;而对于城市学生,灾区显著高于非灾区。可以用时间洞察力的五个因素预测自我价值感的水平。

Time perspective is a personality trait regarding a personal cognition, feeling and actions towards his/her psychological time. Self-worth means individuals cognize and evaluate positive emotional experience, about which the self acting as an object brings to the social corpus （community and others） and the self acting as a subject, in the social activities. This research investigates the features of 897 middle-school students＇ time perspective and its relationship to self-worth in earthquake-hit and non-earthquake-hit ar- eas with Zimbardo Time Perspective Inquiry and Adolescent Self-Worth Scale. The results show that, no gender difference on time perspective; Present-hedonistic scores of urban students are different from that of rural students; Future scores show the inverse feature as to urban and rural students. In quake-hit areas, Past-negative of rural students is different from urban students. As far as Past-positive concerned, rural students＇ score is higher than that of suburb students in non-quake-hit areas; among students from urban areas, the scores of quake-hit areas are higher than that of non-quake-hit areas. The level of self-worth can be predicted by five factors of TP.