油罐火灾特性的小尺寸实验研究

Small-scale experimental study on tank fire characteristics

采用两种不同内径的油罐,开展了4组小尺寸的油罐燃烧模拟实验。研究了不同油罐直径、油罐高度、水垫层厚度、油层厚度下油罐火灾的燃烧特性以及周围热辐射通量的分布规律,分析了这些因素对燃烧过程及沸溢现象的影响,认为油层越厚,水垫层越薄,越容易发生沸溢;没有发生沸溢时,油罐燃烧产生的火焰结构比较清晰,且温度较高,发生沸溢时,油罐燃烧产生的火焰没有清晰的结构,且温度略低。

Model tanks of two different diameters are used to perform 4 small--scale oil tank fire simulations, which explore the combustion characteristics and the thermal radiation flux distribution of oil tank fire with different tank diameters, tank heights, layer thickness of water and oil. The influence of these factors to the fire proeess and the boil over phenomenon is analyzed. The results show that the thicker the oil layer, and the thinner the water layer, the more easily the boiling over phenomenon happens; the flame structure is more clear without the boiling over phenomenon, and the temperature is higher, otherwise, the flame structure is blur, with lower temperature.