中国改革开放30年的回顾与前瞻——兼论中国及人类社会发展的方向问题

Review and Outlook on China's Reform and Opening Up for 3 Decades——Also on the Development of China and the Question of the Direction of Human Society

本文回顾了中国改革开放30年的基本历程,对改革开放的时代背景、基本思路、具体做法和改革开放的成就与改革开放后出现的新的社会问题做了分析,并从理论与实践两个方面对资本主义和社会主义做了比较。文章认为,改革开放有其历史时代背景,是历史的必然;改革开放的基本思路是从中国没有经过资本主义阶段,而直接由半殖民地半封建社会过渡到社会主义社会的基本国情出发,改革社会发展的高级形态即社会主义形态不适应目前中国国情的某些做法,适当借鉴和吸收资本主义时代及以前人类一切优秀的文化成果,更好地发展生产力;在改革开放过程中,由于资本主义因素的影响,中国在物质财富极大丰富的同时,也出现了不少社会问题,影响了人民的幸福指数;是中国政府在向资本主义学习科技和管理的同时,坚持以社会主义为根本前提,提出三个代表、科学发展观与和谐社会的理论,才重新提高了人民的幸福指数,保证了改革开放的全面成功;社会主义中国的改革开放及其成就,并不能说明资本主义比社会主义更先进;社会主义应该是从整个社会的角度,保障社会每一个体的根本权益、优质生活和健康发展,并有利于解决内外忧患的社会制度;人类社会是一种客观存在,以"社会"为基点,实行社会主义制度是十分自然的,提倡资本主义则是反自然的;只有社会主义才是中国及人类社会发展的基本方向,我们应该特别张扬社会主义精神,在兼顾集体利益的同时,真正保障全社会每一个体的根本权益、优质生活和健康发展,使每一个体都能享有更多的幸福。

This paper reviews 30 years of China＇s reform and opening up the basic course of reform and opening up the historieal background, basic ideas, specific practices and reform and opening up and reform and opening up of new social problems were analyzed, and from the theory and practice 2 aspects of capitalism and socialism were compared. Articles that reform and opening up has its historical background,is a historical inevitability; The basic idea is to reform and opening up has not been from China, the capitalist stage,while over directly from the semi -feudal society to a socialist soeiety＇s basic national conditions,reform of the higher forms of social development that is not suited to a socialist form of certain practices in China＇s current situation the appropriate reference and absorption of the capitalist era and before all the outstanding euhural achievements of mankind, and better develop the productive forces. In the process of reform and opening up, due to factors of capitalism, China has abundant material wealth at the same time, there have been many social problems affecting the people＇s well- being index; is the Chinese Government to the study of capitalism at the same time, adhere to the socialism as a fundamental premise, put forward Three Represents, concept of scientific development and harmonious society theory,only to reraise the people＇s happiness index, to ensure the overall success of the reform and opening up; socialist China＇s reform and opening up and its achievements, and not tell more advanced than capitalism,socialism; Socialism should be from the perspective of society as a whole to protect the fundamental rights of each individual society, quality of life and healthy development, and conducive to resolving the internal and external hardships of the social system; human society is an objective existence of＂ society＂ as the starting point in the socialist system is a very natural, and promotion of capitalism is anti -nature ; that only socialism is in China and the basic direction of development of human society ,we should pay special pub- licizes the socialist spirit,in taking into account the collective interests, the real protection of the whole of each individuals funda- mental rights and interests of the community, quality of life and healthy development, so that each individual can have more happi-ness.