岭南花椒果实精油成分的分析及对两种蚊虫的毒杀活性

Components of essential oil from Zanthoxylum austrosinense fructification and its toxic activity to two mosquito species

采用GC-MS分析了岭南花椒Zanthoxylum austrosinense果实精油的化学成分,并采用浸液法和三角瓶法测试了该精油对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus和致倦库蚊Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus幼虫、蛹及成蚊的毒杀活性。在岭南花椒果实精油中共鉴定出48种化合物,占该精油挥发性成分总量的97.39%;该精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊4龄幼虫的LC50值分别为163.42和65.08μg.mL-1;熏蒸剂量为109.4μg.cm-3时,岭南花椒果实精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊成蚊的KT50值分别为4.32和5.52 min;该精油对两种蚊虫成蚊的24 h毒杀LC50值分别为47.14和25.78μg.cm-3。试验数据表明,岭南花椒果实精油对蚊虫有显著的杀虫活性,具有开发成高效环保的灭蚊剂的潜力。

The volatile components of essential oil from Zamthoxylum ailanthoides fructification were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The insecticidal activity of this oil against the larvae and adults of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus was tested by immersion method and erlenmeyer flask method, The main results are as follows： Forty eight chemical compounds of this oil were identified, accounting for 97.39% of the total. The 24 hours LC50 values of this oil for 4th instar larvae of Ae. albopictus and Cx.pipiens quinquefasciatus were 163.42 and 65.08μg·mL^-1 respectively. The KT50 values of essential oil for adults of Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus were 4.32 and 5.52 rain at the dosage of 109.4 μg ·cm^-3, respectively. The 24 hours LC50 values of this oil for adults of the two mosquito species were 47.14 and 25, 78μg·cm^-3, respectively. The results show that essential oil from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides fructification exhibited remarkable toxicity against Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus. Therefore, it is suggested that the essential oil has a great potential to be developed into a mosqnitocide which will be effective and eco-friendly.