采空区覆岩失稳引发冲击性灾害机理

Mechanism analysis on shock disaster caused by Overburden strata instability in gob

为了研究造成大面积顶板向采空区快速运动形成气体灾害的原因。通过采用对综放采场覆岩结构形成条件的分析和研究。提出了综放采场覆岩大、小结构的概念,分析了综放采场覆岩结构失稳的几种形式,对覆岩结构失稳引发冲击性灾害的机理进行了探讨,采场覆岩大结构的瞬时失稳是造成大面积顶板向采空区快速运动形成气体灾害的根本原因。该结论可以作为开采期间的地压控制和采空区回采结束后的安全封闭设计的依据和参考。

A large areal roof fall will swiftly move toward gob and also cause swift air movement and shock disaster in a coal mine. The destructive impact is of significance to the longwall face support, the transport equipment, gate entries, and production safety. In this study, analyzing the forming conditions of the overburden strata structure in a fully mechanized caving longwall face, the conceptual theory called the big and small structure in a full-mechanized caving mining face is proposed. Also, several instability forms of the overburden strata structure are analyzed. The mechanism of the shock disaster caused by overburden strata instability is discussed. It concludes that the basic cause of a large areal roof moving quickly toward gob in gas disaster is the instantaneous instability of the overburden strata＇s big structure. The results of this study provide a basis in ground control during mining and in safe seal design after mining.